Japanese House II Pattaya by Mario Kleff

Brutalist-inspired residential architecture and structural design on Phra Tamnak Hill, Pattaya

Located approximately 150 meters from the coastline, the building was engineered to withstand coastal climate conditions, including wind exposure, humidity, and salt air.

Private Residence · Completed Project · Built Work

Architect & Design Author: Mario Kleff
Pattaya, Thailand · Structural Completion 2010 · Final Completion 2016

Designed and developed by Mario Kleff, integrating structural engineering, spatial planning, and architectural expression.

Note on roles: In Thailand, permits are issued under a licensed local architect (architect of record). Mario Kleff serves as the design architect, responsible for concept, design, and structural systems, working together with Thai architects and contractors during execution.

The Japanese House II is a luxury private residence located on Phra Tamnak Hill in Pattaya, a site-specific residential zone explored in Pattaya’s development context. It forms part of a series of three experimental residential structures developed by Mario Kleff, exploring the relationship between structural systems, minimalism, and spatial enclosure.

Finalized in 2016 following interior development and design modifications, the project is defined by a monolithic concrete envelope, internal courtyard organization, and a structural concept derived from symbolic geometry inspired by Japanese script.

The building represents an early application of Mario Kleff’s design philosophy “Structure Is Design”, where engineering systems determine architectural form and spatial hierarchy.

The project and its architectural concept were documented in an independent third-party publication, providing early external documentation of its structural philosophy and unconventional design approach.

Independent publication: “The architect who does things his way” — Real Estate Magazine Thailand, January 2009

“The creative design of this house is in the engineering, not in the decoration.”

— Real Estate Magazine Thailand, January 2009
Japanese House II Pattaya by Mario Kleff, front view of private villa with enclosed concrete façade and tropical landscape
Front elevation of Japanese House II in Pattaya, designed by Mario Kleff, showing the enclosed concrete façade integrated with tropical vegetation and landscape elements.

Project Description

The residence occupies an approximately 800 m² plot and extends across three primary levels, with a total built area of approximately 1,420 m². The building footprint covers nearly the entire site, organizing all living spaces around an internal courtyard containing a swimming pool.

The program includes:

  • Five bedrooms and nine bathrooms
  • Central courtyard with integrated pool
  • Open-plan living and dining areas
  • Basement level for parking and technical systems
  • Vertical circulation via integrated elevator

The design eliminates conventional perimeter openings at ground level, replacing them with a fully enclosed exterior wall system that prioritizes privacy, security, and internal spatial focus.

Ground floor plan of Japanese House II Pattaya by architect Mario Kleff showing footprint layout and internal courtyard organization
Ground floor plan of Japanese House II in Pattaya, illustrating the building footprint, internal courtyard configuration, and spatial organization defined by the structural layout.
Basement entrance of Japanese House II in Pattaya showing exposed concrete ramp leading to underground garage
Entrance to the basement level of Japanese House II in Pattaya, featuring an exposed concrete ramp descending to the underground garage. The design integrates structural clarity with controlled access and spatial sequencing.
Glass elevator positioned between massive exposed concrete walls in Japanese House II Pattaya
Glass elevator installed between two massive reinforced concrete walls, combining vertical circulation with exposed structural expression. The contrast between transparency and raw concrete defines the spatial experience within Japanese House II.
Open-plan kitchen interior in Japanese House II Pattaya with modern layout and integrated living space
Open-plan kitchen and living area within Japanese House II, designed to create spatial continuity between cooking, dining, and lounge zones. The layout reflects a balance between minimalist design and functional residential living.

Architectural Approach

The architectural language combines elements of brutalist massing with minimalist spatial logic. The structure is defined by four large-scale reinforced concrete walls extending vertically through the building, forming both the load-bearing system and the primary architectural expression.

Rather than relying on decorative elements, the design emphasizes proportion, mass, and void. Natural light is introduced through overhead openings, large roof apertures, and courtyard-facing glazing systems.

“Architecture begins with structure — not with decoration.”

— Mario Kleff

The conceptual foundation of the building is derived from a Japanese character symbolizing “home,” translating abstract geometry into built form.

Brutalist concrete structure with exposed beams and natural light openings in Japanese House II Pattaya
Exposed reinforced concrete structure with integrated beam system, where natural light enters through overhead openings. The composition highlights the relationship between mass, void, and structural clarity within Japanese House II.
Brutalist interior space with concrete beams and natural daylight entering from above in Japanese House II Pattaya
Interior space defined by exposed concrete beams and vertical structural walls, illuminated by controlled daylight from roof apertures. The design emphasizes spatial depth, enclosure, and the architectural role of structure.

Structural Strategy

The project utilizes a reinforced concrete structural system supported by integrated steel elements to achieve stability and spatial continuity.

  • Deep foundation system based on symbolic geometric layout
  • Massive reinforced concrete perimeter walls (up to 10 meters in height)
  • Steel beam reinforcement integrated into slabs and girders
  • Dense reinforcement grid using DB25 steel

Due to technological constraints at the time of construction, post-tensioning systems were not applied. Instead, structural performance was achieved through increased material density and hybrid steel-concrete integration.

These principles align with the signature architectural approach, where structural systems define spatial organization, material expression, and the overall architectural identity of the building.

Exposed structural steel beams integrated into concrete slab system during construction at Japanese House II
On-site welding of structural steel beams integrated within the concrete floor slab system. These concealed reinforcements enhance load distribution and structural stability, forming a hybrid steel-concrete framework within Japanese House II.
Foundation construction with dense DB25 steel reinforcement and below-ground pillars at Japanese House II Pattaya
Deep foundation construction showing a dense grid of DB25 reinforcement and below-ground column pillars prior to concrete pouring. The high steel density ensures structural integrity and load distribution at the base of Japanese House II.

Material and Construction

The building was constructed using high-strength concrete and structural steel supplied by regional manufacturers, ensuring durability under coastal environmental conditions.

  • High-strength concrete supplied by CPAC
  • Structural steel provided by Siam Yamato Steel
  • Reinforced concrete grid with high-density steel placement

The exterior envelope is intentionally minimal, consisting primarily of exposed concrete surfaces, contrasting with a refined interior material palette of hardwood and natural stone.

Heavy reinforced concrete wall section with dense steel grid during construction at Japanese House II Pattaya
Construction detail illustrating dense steel reinforcement within heavy concrete structural elements, reflecting the material-intensive approach used to achieve strength and durability in a coastal environment.
Construction detail showing dense steel reinforcement and heavy concrete structural elements at Japanese House II Pattaya
Construction detail illustrating dense steel reinforcement within heavy concrete structural elements, reflecting the material-intensive approach used to achieve strength and durability in a coastal environment.
Brutalist concrete room shell opening to interior courtyard with pool at Japanese House II Pattaya
Interior view from a raw concrete room shell toward the central courtyard and pool, illustrating the brutalist architectural language and the spatial relationship between enclosed mass and open void within Japanese House II.

Environmental and Site Constraints

Located approximately 150 meters from the ocean, the project required careful consideration of wind loads, humidity, and salt exposure.

  • Sealed structural envelope to protect against coastal conditions
  • Internal courtyard enabling natural ventilation and light distribution
  • Material selection focused on long-term durability

Japanese architectural concepts were integrated into the courtyard, adapted to local climate conditions through the use of regionally suitable vegetation.


Development Background

The project was commissioned by private clients seeking a highly secure and architecturally distinct residence. The design process allowed for a high degree of creative control, enabling the development of a non-standard architectural solution defined by structural expression and spatial enclosure.

Primary construction works were completed in 2010, including the full structural system, building envelope, and core spatial configuration. At this stage, the project had already established its defining architectural character through its monolithic concrete structure and courtyard-based layout.

Subsequent phases focused on interior development, technical integration, and design refinement. Due to evolving client requirements and extended interior works, final completion — including finishes, systems integration, and decoration — was achieved in 2016.

Japanese House II is the second structure in a series of three “Japanese Houses” designed by Mario Kleff in Pattaya, each exploring variations of structural systems, minimalism, and spatial organization.


Recognition

The project received an Honorable Mention at the LIV Hospitality Design Awards 2023, recognizing its distinctive architectural concept and structural expression.

Award: LIV Hospitality Design Awards
Category: Honorable Mention
Project: Japanese House II
Architect: Mario Kleff
Year: 2023–2024

Architect Mario Kleff receiving recognition for Japanese House II at LIV Hospitality Design Awards 2023
Architect Mario Kleff recognized at the LIV Hospitality Design Awards 2023 for Japanese House II. The award highlights the project’s architectural concept, structural innovation, and contribution to contemporary residential design.

About the Architect

Explore the design philosophy and built work of Mario Kleff – Architectural Concepts & Project Portfolio


Market Context

Pattaya forms part of Thailand’s Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC), a designated development zone with ongoing infrastructure investment, including highway expansion and planned high-speed rail connectivity to Bangkok. The area supports a mixed residential market comprising freehold condominium units (for Thai and foreign ownership under quota) and privately held land plots for low-rise residential construction.

Phra Tamnak Hill is a designated low- to medium-density residential zone located between Pattaya and Jomtien. Development is constrained by limited land availability, hillside topography, and access conditions, resulting in predominantly site-specific housing projects. Private residences in this area are typically developed on individually titled land plots, subject to local building regulations, height restrictions, and setback requirements.

Market activity is driven by a combination of owner-occupiers, second-home use, and rental demand. Property values are primarily influenced by location, land tenure, build quality, and proximity to coastal frontage.


Frequently Asked Questions

Who designed Japanese House II?

The project was designed by architect Mario Kleff.

What defines the architecture of Japanese House II?

The building is defined by a structural concrete system, internal courtyard layout, and a minimalist design approach based on symbolic geometry.

Where is Japanese House II located?

The residence is located on Phra Tamnak Hill in Pattaya, Thailand.

Is Japanese House II part of a series?

Yes, it is the second of three Japanese House projects designed by Mario Kleff.


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